A test set of 120 images was used to compare the AI models. The DCNN-based AI model was developed using training (1334 images) and validation (120 images) sets with a standard classification label for the individual images. A total of 1574 cephalometric images were included and classified based on the A-point-Nasion- (N-) point-B-point (ANB) angle (Class I being 0–4°, Class II > 4°, and Class III < 0°). No differences between the two methods were found in the L1–NB (mm), occlusal plane to SN, interincisal angle or lower lip protrusion values.Ĭonclusions: Although statistically significant differences were found between the two methods, the cephalometric tracing proceeded faster with the app method than with the manual method.This study aimed to investigate deep convolutional neural network- (DCNN-) based artificial intelligence (AI) model using cephalometric images for the classification of sagittal skeletal relationships and compare the performance of the newly developed DCNN-based AI model with that of the automated-tracing AI software. Go-GN/SN, U1–NA (°) and U1–NA (mm) values for manual method were statistically lower than those for the app method. L1–NB (°) and upper lip protrusion values for the manual method were statistically higher than those for the app method. The ANB value for the manual method was statistically lower than that of app method. Results: SNA (Sella, Nasion, A point angle) and SNB (Sella, Nasion, B point angle) values for the manual method were statistically lower ( p < .001) than those for the app method. The durations of the performances of the two methods were also compared. Five skeletal measurements, five dental measurements and two soft tissue measurements were managed based on 21 landmarks.
Materials and methods: The cephalometric radiographs of 55 patients (25 females and 30 males) were traced via the manual and app methods and were subsequently examined with Steiner’s analysis. Objective: This study aimed to compare the results of conventional manual cephalometric tracing with those acquired with smartphone application cephalometric tracing.
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